Institute of Central Europe/Yearbook 15 (2017)/Issue 4
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International organizations and multilateralism: a view from Central Europe

Issue editor: Aleksander Surdej, Anna Visvizi

ISSN: 1732-1395

e-ISSN: 2719-2911

Number of pages: 162

Publisher: Instytut Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

Edition: Lublin 2017

Issue 4

Articles

Article

Evidence, Persuasion and Power: Diplomats in International Organisations

Aleksander Surdej
Views count: 1050
Wkrótce nowe informacje.
A. Surdej, ‘Evidence, Persuasion and Power: Diplomats in International Organisations’, Yearbook of the Institute of East-Central Europe, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2017, pp. 13-16.

The title of this intervention deliberately relates to the title of the classic book by prof. Giandomenico Majone, Evidence, Arguments and Persuasion in the Policy Process, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.

Barrett, S., Why Cooperate?: The Incentive to Supply Global Public Goods, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.

OECD, International Regulatory Co-operation. The Role of International Organisations in Fostering Better Rules of Globalisation, Paris: OECD Publishing, 2016.

Stone, D., Knowledge Actors and Transnational Governance: The Private-Public Policy Nexus in the Global Agora, Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan, 2013.

Article

A Polycentric World Order and the Supply and Demand of Global Public Goods

Bartłomiej E. Nowak
Views count: 1583
The word “polycentric” has been regularly used to describe a more diffused multipolar world order. However, the concept of polycentrism has a much richer history in social science and may be applied more broadly as an analytical framework. It could serve to explain one of the biggest gaps in the global governance system, between the demand and supply of global public goods. Global governance scholars traditionally assume that the gap is caused by the lack of delivery and that international governmental organizations (IGO) are the weakest point. In other words, they dream of a global executive power. This paper argues, that in order to better understand the governance of world order, we should stop instead use better analytical tools. The polycentric approach shows that the problem lies not only in supply but equally on the demand side of global governance.
B. E. Nowak, ‘A Polycentric World Order and the Supply and Demand of Global Public Goods’, Yearbook of the Institute of East-Central Europe, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2017, pp. 29-45.

Acharya, A., ‘Norm Subsidiarity and Regional Orders: Sovereignty, Regionalism and Rule Making in the Third World’, International Studies Quarterly, vol. 55, no. 1, 2011, pp. 95-123.

Acharya, A., ‘Global International Relations (IR) and Regional Worlds. A New Agenda for International Studies’, International Studies Quarterly, vol. 58, issue 4, 2014, pp. 647-659.

Acharya, A., ‘Rethinking Global Governance’, in: A. Acharya (ed.), Rethinking Demand and Progress in Global Governance, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2016, pp. 1-30.

Aggarwal, V.K., Institutional Designs for a Complex World: Bargaining, Linkages, and Nesting, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998.

Aligica, P.D., Tarko, V., ‘Polycentricity: From Polanyi to Ostrom and Beyond’, Governance, vol. 25, no. 2, 2012, pp. 237-262.

Baldwin, R., The Great Convergence. Information Technology and the New Globalization, Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 2016.

Barrett, S., ‘Critical Factors for Providing Transnational Public Goods’, in: Seven Cross-Cutting Issues, Expert Paper Series, Stockholm: Secretariat of the International Task Force on Global Public Goods, 2006, pp. 1-58.

Barrett, S., Why Cooperate? The Incentive to Supply Global Public Goods, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press 2007.

Barnett, M., Duvall, R., ‘Power and Global Governance’, in: Barnett, M., Duvall, R. (eds), Power in Global Governance, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, pp. 1-32.

Bierman, F., et al., ‘The Fragmentation of Global Governance Architectures: A Framework for Analysis’, Global Environmental Politics, vol. 9, no. 4, 2009, pp. 14-40.

Blanchard, O., Ostry, J.D., Ghosh A.R., ‘International Policy Coordination: The Loch Ness Monster’, IMF Direct, 15.12.2013.

Blomquist, W., Schlager, E., Yan Tang, S., Ostrom, E., ‘Regularities from the Field and Possible Explanations’, in: Ostrom, E., Gardner, R., Walker, J. (eds), Rules, Games, and Common-Pool Resources, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1994, pp. 301-319.

Cox, R.W., ‘Universality in International Studies’, in: Brecher, M., Harvey, F. (eds), Critical Perspectives in International Studies, Ann Harbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002.

Dirlik, A., What is in a rim? Critical perspectives on the Pacific Region Idea, Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 1998.

Drezner, D.W., The System Worked. How the World Stopped Another Great Depression, New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Fehr, E., Leibbrandt, A., ‘Cooperativeness and Impatience in the Tragedy of the Commons’, IZA Discussion Paper no. 3625, University of Zurich, 2008.

Flockhart, T., ‘The Coming Multi-Order World’, Contemporary Security Policy, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 3-30.

Flockhart, T., et al., Liberal Order in a Post-Western World, Washington D.C.: Transatlantic Academy, 2014.

Hale, T., Held, D., Young, K., Gridlock. Why Global Cooperation is Failing When We Need It Most, Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013.

Hess, Ch., Ostrom, E., (eds), Understanding Knowledge as a Commons: From Theory to Practice, Cambridge MA: MIT Press, 2007.

International Task Force on Global Public Goods, Meeting Global Challenges. International Cooperation in the National Interest, Stockholm, 2006.

Isailovic, M., Widerberg, O., Pattberg, O.P., ‘Fragmentation of Global Environmental Governance Architectures. A Literature Overview’, Report W13/09, IVM Institute of Environmental Studies, 2013.

Kahler, M., Lake, D.A., ‘Economic Integration and Global Governance: Why so Little Supranationalism?’, in: Mattli, W., Woods, N. (eds), The Politics of Global Regulation, Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press 2009.

Keohane, R.O., Nye, J.S., Power and Interdependence, Glenview, Illinois: Scott, Foresman, 1989.

Keohane, R.O., Victor D.G., ‘The Regime Complex for Climate Change’, The Harvard Project on International Climate Agreements, Discussion Paper 10-33, 2010.

Kupchan, Ch., ‘Regionalism Versus Multilateralism: Analytical Notes’, in: De Melo, J., Panagariya, A. (eds), New dimensions in Regional Integration, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1993, pp. 58-79.

Lagarde, C., ‘A New Multilateralism for the 21st Century’, The 2014 Richard Dimbleby Lecture, Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund, 2014.

Larner, W., Walters, W., ‘The Political Rationality of New Regionalism: Toward Genealogy of the Region’, Theory and Society, vol. 31, no. 3, 2002, pp. 391-432.

Mittelman, J.H., ‘Global Bricolage: emerging market powers and polycentric governance’, Third World Quarterly, vol. 34, no. 1, 2014, pp. 23-37.

National Intelligence Council, European Union Institute for Security Studies, Global Governance 2025. At a Critical Juncture, Washington, DC and Paris: 2010.

Ostrom, E., ‘Polycentric Systems as One Approach for Solving Collective-Action Problems’, Paper W08-6, Bloomington: Indiana University 2008.

Ostrom, E., ‘Beyond Markets and States: Polycentric Governance of Complex Economic Systems’, Nobel Prize Lecture, 8.12.2009.

Ostrom, V., Ostrom, E., ‘A Behavioral Approach to the Study of Intergovernmental Relations’, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, vol. 359, 1965, pp. 135-146.

Ostrom, V., Tiebout, Ch., Warren, M.R., ‘The Organization of Government in Metropolitan Areas: A Theoretical Inquiry’, American Political Science Review, vol. 55, no. 4, 1961, pp. 831-842.

Polanyi, M., The Logic of Liberty, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951.

Raustiala, K., Victor, D.G., ‘The Regime Complex for Plant Genetic Resource’, International Organisation, vol. 58, 2004, pp. 277-309.

Rosenau, J.N., ‘Governance, Order and Change in World Politics”, in: Rosenau, J.N., Czempiel, E.O. (eds), Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992, pp. 1-30.

Rotfeld, A.D., The International Order. In search for new rules, Poznań: Polskie Bractwo Kawalerów Gutenberga, 2017.

Ruggie, J.G., Constructing the World Polity: Essays on International Institutionalization, New York: Routledge, 1998.

Smith, J., Stokes, J., Strategy and Statecraft: An Agenda for the United States in an Era of Compounding Complexity, Washington, DC: Center for a New American Security, 2014.

Young, O.R., ‘Institutional interplay: the environmental consequences of cross-scale interactions’, in: Ostrom, E. et al. (eds), The Drama of the Commons, Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002, pp. 263-291.

Zartman, W., Touval, S., ‘Introduction: return to the theories of cooperation’, in: Zartman, W., Touval, S. (eds), International Cooperation. The Extents and Limits of Multilateralism, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010, pp. 1-11.

Article

The Council of Europe Development Bank and its Activities in the Context of Global Public Goods

Magdalena Proczek
Views count: 1126
In its activity, the Council of Europe Development Bank (CEB) is particularly obliged to consider the social and environmental impacts of its actions aimed, in principle, at improving the living conditions of communi-ties and supporting their sustainable development, as well as at reducing the social costs of market failure and combating social exclusion. The Bank pro-vides support to projects prioritizing European cohesion in the fields of law, human rights protection, access to education, common cultural heritage and protecting the natural environment. Its activities are directed at the protec-tion and management of global public goods to be widely used by nations, states, civilizations and generations. In view of that, this paper presents the CEB as a multilateral development bank with an exclusively social mandate, and as an organization which does not only uphold and manage global pub-lic goods but also constitutes a global public good itself. The objective of this paper is to examine the functioning of the CEB from the perspective of global public goods. The paper describes the Bank (its origins, objectives, structure, funding, core activity and instruments) with special focus on its current activi-ties, then assesses these activities through the lens of the debate on global public goods. This paper argues, on the one hand, that the CEB as an effective guardian, provider and manager of global public goods generates added val-ue on both the national and international levels by pursuing socially-oriented projects in individual states and supporting multi-country social agendas, es-pecially in Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe. On the other hand, it presents the CEB as a global public good in sensu stricto, depicting it as a mar-ket leader and professional expert in the social banking field, and as a body that is not only a flexible lender responding to the needs of borrowers but also a trend setter shaping social capital markets.
M. Proczek, J. Surała, ‘The Council of Europe Development Bank and its Activities in the Context of Global Public Goods’, Yearbook of the Institute of East-Central Europe, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2017, pp. 47-68.

Bussière, E., Willaert, E., The Social Development Bank in Europe 1956-2006, Paris: Blanchard Printing, 2006.

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CEB, Development Plan 2014-2016, Paris: Council of Europe Development Bank, 2013.

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Kleer, J., Globalizacja a państwo narodowe i usługi publiczne [Globalisation versus a national state and public services], Warszawa: PAN, 2006.

Kleer, J., ‘Globalne dobra publiczne – zarys teorii’ [Global public goods – an outline of theory], in: E. Latoszek, M. Proczek, M. Krukowska (eds), Zrównoważony rozwój a globalne dobra publiczne w teorii i praktyce organizacji międzynarodowych [Sustainable growth versus global public goods in theory and practice of international organisations], Warszawa: Dom Wydawniczy Elipsa, 2016, pp. 13-23.

Latoszek, E., ‘Rada Europy i jej znaczenie w dziedzinie ochrony praw człowieka oraz tworzenia prawa europejskiego o charakterze społecznym’ [The Council of Europe and its meaning in the area of human rights defence and EU social law making], in: Latoszek, E., Proczek, M. (eds), Organizacje międzynarodowe we współczesnym świecie [International organisations in the contemporary world], Warszawa: ELIPSA, 2006, pp. 349-396.

Latoszek, E., ‘Organizacja międzynarodowa jako podmiot stosunków międzynarodowych’ [International organisation as an entity in international relations], in: Latoszek, E., Proczek, M. (eds), Organizacje międzynarodowe we współczesnym świecie [International organisations in the contemporary world], Warszawa: ELIPSA, 2006, pp. 27-74.

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Touffut, J.-P. (ed.), Advancing Public Goods, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2006.

Article

Multilateralism and Domestic Transformation: The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and Mexico’s Telecommunications Reform (en translation)

Mónica Aspe Bernal
Views count: 1072
The authors illustrate how multilateral foreign policy can work as a lever for domestic transformation and international organizations can be-come an agent of change, when a government is willing and committed to advance a reform agenda. They examine the impact of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in the structural reforms carried out by Mexico since 2012, by analyzing the Telecommunications and Broadcasting Reform as a case study. They describe how Mexico’s foreign pol-icy towards the OECD has contributed to the transformation of these sectors through evidence-based analysis and tailor-made policy advice. They con-clude by reflecting on the OECD’s role in the future of the reform agenda in the country, and on its increasing contribution to the Latin American region.
M. Aspe Bernal, C. Tena Razo, ‘Multilateralism and Domestic Transformation: The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and Mexico’s Telecommunications Reform’, Yearbook of the Institute of East-Central Europe, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2017, pp. 69-79.
Article

Delivering Public Goods Through Law: The European Union as an Agent of change to Gender Equality Legislation in Poland (en translation)

Aleksandra Szczerba-Zawada
Views count: 1129
The aim of this paper is to outline the scope and character of the changes introduced to the Polish legal system with respect to gender equality as a result of the accession of the Republic of Poland to the European Union (EU) in 2004. Analysis concentrates on selected EU and Polish legal acts, as well as doctrine and statistical data. Reference is made to relevant case law of the Court of Justice of the EU and Polish courts. This paper seeks to draw out the fact that, if not for the nature of the EU as supranational organization that results in the legal obligation of its Member States to implement EU anti-discrimination law under the scrutiny of the competent international court (the CJEU), changes to the Polish legal system in the area of gender equality would have taken longer to implement, or may not have been made at all. The paper takes into consideration that the EU plays a key role in promoting gender equality as a public good, including beyond its borders, supporting third countries in achieving tangible gender equality results. In this respect, the EU’s actions help to promote gender equality as “shared global priority.”
A. Szczerba-Zawada, ‘Delivering Public Goods Through Law: the European Union as an Agent of change to Gender Equality Legislation in Poland’, Yearbook of the Institute of East-Central Europe, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2017, pp. 81-101.
Article

Multilateral Sanctions on North Korea and the Role of Central Europe (en translation)

Taylor Cullinan
Views count: 1079
The expansion of North Korea’s nuclear and ballistic missile pro-grams, coupled with belligerent rhetoric, has raised tensions between North Korea and the international community to unprecedented levels. Sanctions are the best tool to respond to North Korea and can be applied to coerce a change in behavior that would bring about the resumption of negotia-tions between stakeholders. The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) has adopted sanctions resolutions that highlight the shared interest of stability and security, and signal the need to find a political solution. A multilateral response will disrupt North Korea’s ability to use provocations to seek con-cessions. Central European countries’ participation in the United Nations (UN) system and their cooperation to implement sanctions will play a vital role in achieving this goal. Increasing sanctions compliance and applying pressure on the North Korean regime will create space for negotiations between stake-holders and North Korea, which could achieve a peaceful political solution.
T. Cullinan, ‘Multilateral Sanctions on North Korea and the Role of Central Europe’, Year-book of the Institute of East-Central Europe, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2017, pp. 103-117.
Article

Greece in NATO: Evolution of Interests in the Context of Changes in the International Environment (en translation)

Artur Adamczyk
Views count: 1070
The main aim of this paper is to present how the security interests of Greece have evolved within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in the changing international environment. During the Cold War, at the point when Greece became a member of the Alliance (1952), it perceived the Bal-kan Communist countries as the main threat. NATO was to guarantee secu-rity from a possible attack from the north. The Cyprus Crisis of 1974, however, changed Turkey into the main potential enemy. At that time, the United States (US) and NATO began to act to prevent any possible military conflict between Greece and Turkey. Despite Greece’s changing international environment, the disintegration of the Eastern Bloc has not led to any change in the perception of Turkey as a major threat. Of course, new threats appeared on the Balkan Peninsula, but these were dealt with by NATO, which bolstered the rationale behind Greece’s membership of the Alliance. Further threats to Greek security, stemming from the unstable situation in North Africa and the Middle East, are offset by the involvement of the US and NATO. For Greece, Turkey is still the biggest threat, given its aggressive policy in the Aegean Sea and towards Cyprus.
A. Adamczyk, ‘Greece in NATO: Evolution of Interests in the Context of Changes in the International Environment’, Yearbook of the Institute of East-Central Europe, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2017, pp. 119-140.
Article

Implementing Innovation in Poland with EU Funds: Progress or Hindrance (en translation)

Agnieszka Kłos
Views count: 1019
The paper discusses the actual development of innovation in Poland as financed by the European Union (EU) according to the targets of the Europe 2020 Strategy. It reviews the systemic model of introducing innovation in Poland, the complexity of defining innovation and evaluates Poland’s innovation performance, in particular at the voivodeship level, compared to other member states.
A. Kłos, ‘Implementing Innovation in Poland with EU Funds: Progress or Hindrance’, Year-book of the Institute of East-Central Europe, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2017, pp. 141-160.