Ukraina w polityce zagranicznej Kanady po zakończeniu zimnej wojny

Ukraine in Canada’s foreign policy after the end of the Cold War

Magdalena Marczuk-Karbownik

ORCID: Magdalena Marczuk-Karbownik: 0000-0002-5452-7217

Afiliacja: Uniwersytet Łódzki, Polska

Pages: 271-290

Edition: Lublin 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36874/RIESW.2022.4.11

Citation method: M. Marczuk-Karbownik, Ukraina w polityce zagranicznej Kanady po zakończeniu zimnej wojny, „Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej” 20 (2022), z. 4, s. 271-290, DOI: https://doi.org/10.36874/RIESW.2022.4.11

Keywords: , , , , ,

Abstract: The following analysis aims to indicate the position of independent Ukraine in Canada’s foreign policy after 1991. For the following reasoning, it is also important to present how bilateral relations evolved and how Canada reacted for the events in Ukraine after the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in March 2014. The numerous Ukrainian minority and the influence of the Ukrainian lobby on the process of shaping Ottawa’s foreign policy are the main arguments explaining Canada’s involvement in Central and Eastern Europe. The research methods used in the text are the descriptive method as well as the decision-making and content analysis methods.

Bibliography:

2005: The Year in Review. Canada feels effects of Orange Revolution, „Ukrainian Weekly” (archived), vol. LXXIV, 15.01.2006, no. 3, http://www.ukrweekly.com/old/archive/2006/030617.shtml.

Berthiaume L., Cdn arms sales to Ukraine a mystery as federal government keeps mum on exports, „CTV News”, 17.05.2018, https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/cdn-arms-sales-to-ukraine-a-mystery-as-federal-government-keeps-mum-on-exports-1.3933943?cache=yes%3FclipId%3D104056.

Blaze Carlson K., Ukrainian-Canadians have a strong voice in Ottawa, „The Globe and Mail”, 01.02.2014, https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/ukrainian-canadians-have-a-strong-voice-in-ottawa/article16647646/.

Brewster M., Canadian arms makers get OK to sell to Ukraine, „CBC News”, 13.12.2017, https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-ukraine-weapons-1.4446891.

Burridge T., Canadian-Ukrainian relations: As trick as blood?, „BBC News”, 11.07.2016, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36739074.

Canada adds Crimean officials to sanctions list, New Release, Ottawa, 28.11.2016, Global Affairs Canada, Government of Canada, https://www.canada.ca/en/global-affairs/news/2016/11/canada-adds-crimean-officials-sanctions-list.html.

Canada and Ukraine “announce milestone” free trade agreement, „The Guardian”, 15.07.2015, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/15/canada-and-ukraine-announce-milestone-free-trade-agreement.

Canada announces strenghtening of trade relations with Ukraine, Government of Canada, 27.01.2022, https://www.canada.ca/en/global-affairs/news/2022/01/canada-announces-strengthening-of-trade-relations-with-ukraine.html.

Canada commits lethal weapons and ammunition in support of Ukraine, Government Canada, 14.02.2022, https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/news/2022/02/canada-commits-lethal-weapons-and-ammunition-in-support-of-ukraine.html.

Canada reiterates support for democratic reforms, human rights and peace in Ukraine, News Release, London 06.07.2017, Government of Canada, https://www.canada.ca/en/global-affairs/news/2017/07/canada_reiteratessupportfordemocraticreformshumanrightsandpeacei0.html.

Canada’s Engagement in Ukraine, Government of Canada, https://www.international.gc.ca/country-pays/ukraine/relations.aspx?lang=eng.

Canada’s NATO troops will stay in Latvia for another four years: Trudeau, „Reuters. World News”, 10.07.2018, https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-latvia-canada-idUKKBN1K00ZL.

Canada’s Support to Ukraine in Crisis and Armed Conflict. Report of Standing Committee on National Defence, December 2017, 42 Parliament, 1 Session, House of Commons, Canada, https://www.ourcommons.ca/Content/Committee/421/NDDN/Reports/RP9313861/nddnrp08/nddnrp08-e.pdf.

Canadian international assistance in Ukraine, Global Affairs Canada, 09.06.2017, Government of Canada, http://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/priorities-priorites/where-ou/ukraine.aspx?lang=eng.

Canadian Sanctions Related to Russia, Global Affairs Canada, Government of Canada, https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/international_relations-relations_internationales/sanctions/russia-russie.aspx?lang=eng.

Census Profile, 2016 Census, Statistics Canada, https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=01&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=3.

Democracy Promotion & Election Observation, CANADEM, International Civilian Response Corps, https://canadem.ca/democracy-promotion-election-observation/.

Gabryś M., Marczuk-Karbownik M., Soroka T., Międzynarodowa pozycja Kanady 2006-2018, Łódź 2018.

Global Market Action Plan, 2013, https://www.international.gc.ca/global-markets-marches-mondiaux/assets/pdfs/plan-eng.pdf.

Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity Highlight Tables, Statistics Canada, http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/imm/Table.cfm?Lang=E&T=31&Geo=01&SO=4D.

Iran plane crash: Ukrainian International Airline jet crashes killing 176, „BBC News”, 08.01.2020, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-51029994 [15.05.2022].

Joint Declaration on Special Partnership between Canada and Ukraine, March 31, 1994, Embassy of Ukraine in Canada, http://www.infoukes.com/ukremb/agreem-940331e.shtml

Kościński P., Ukraińska diaspora i kanadyjska pomoc dla Kijowa, „Polski Instytut spraw Międzynarodowych. Biuletyn” nr 49(1286), 20.05.2015.

Mas S., Russian sanctions against Canadians a „badge of honour”, „CBC News”, 24.03.2014, https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/russian-sanctions-against-canadians-a-badge-of-honour-1.2584137.

Minister Champagne concludes successful visit to Latvia, Ukraine and Poland, Government of Canada, 07.03.2020, https://www.canada.ca/en/global-affairs/news/2020/03/minister-champagne-concludes-successful-visit–to-latvia-ukraine-and-poland.html.

NATO Security Initiatives in Ukraine and Eastern Europe, Backgrounder, Wales, 04.09.2014, Government of Canada, https://www.canada.ca/en/news/archive/2014/09/nato-security-initiatives-ukraine-eastern-europe.html.

NATO’s Enhance Forward Presence, Factsheet, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 2020, https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2020/10/pdf/2010-factsheet_efp_en.pdf.

NATO–Ukraine Distinctive Partnership turns twenty: lessons to take forward, „NATO Review Magazine”, 07.04.2017, https://www.nato.int/docu/review/articles/2017/07/04/nato-ukraine-distinctive-partnership-turns-twenty-lessons-to-take-forward/index.html.

Operation REASSURANCE, National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces, Government of Canada, https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/operations/military-operations/current-operations/operation-reassurance.html.

Operation UNIFIER, Government of Canada, https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/operations/military-operations/current-operations/operation-unifier.html.

OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine, OSCE, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, https://www.osce.org/special-monitoring-mission-to-ukraine.

Peace and Stabilization Operations Program, Global Affairs Canada, 12.06.2018, Government of Canada, https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/response_conflict-reponse_conflits/psop.aspx?lang=eng.

Priorities for Canada–Ukraine Relations (RoadMap), Government of Canada, http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/ukraine/bilateral_relations_bilaterales/canada_ukraine.aspx?lang=eng.

Sevunts L., Defence policy first, weapons later, Canada tells Ukraine, CBC News, 13.07.2019, https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ukraine-canada-russia-defence-weapons-sales-1.5210632.

Stosunki handlowe i gospodarcze między Ukrainą a Kanadą, Ambasada Ukrainy w Kanadzie, https://canada.mfa.gov.ua/en/ukraine-%D1%81%D0%B0/trade.

Swyripa F.A., Ukrainian Canadians, [w:] Canadian Encyclopedia, 04.04.2012, https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/ukrainian-canadians.

Trade in Ukraine, Statista, https://www-1statista-1com-10npp4ekv0185.han3.lib.uni.lodz.pl/study/110770/trade-in-ukraine/.

Trade revenue of Ukraine in 2020, by country, Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1297572/ukraine-trade-revenue-by-country/.

Ukraine Reform Conference, Toronto, July 2019, Government Portal, https://www.kmu.gov.ua/en/reformi/mizhnarodni-konferenciyi-z-pitan-reform-v-ukrayini/mizhnarodna-konferenciya-z-pitan-reform-v-ukrayini-toronto-lipen-2019.

Ukrainian World Congress, http://www.ukrainianworldcongress.org/index.php.

Ukrainian-Canadian Congress, http://www.ucc.ca/.